What kind of family did Yesenin have? Sergey Yesenin
head oil
ESENIN SERGEY ALEKSANDROVICH 1895-1925
Born in the village of Konstantinov, Ryazan province.
In 1912 he moved to Moscow, where his father worked for a merchant.
“From his first collections (Radunitsa, 1916; Rural Book of Hours, 1918) he appeared as a subtle lyricist, a master of deeply psychologized landscapes, a singer of peasant Rus', an expert in the folk language and the folk soul.
In 1919-23 he was a member of the Imagist group. A tragic attitude and mental confusion are expressed in the cycles “Mare’s Ships” (1920), “Moscow Tavern” (1924), and the poem “The Black Man” (1925). In the poem “The Ballad of Twenty-Six” (1924), dedicated to the Baku commissars, the collection “Soviet Rus'” (1925), and the poem “Anna Snegina” (1925), Yesenin sought to comprehend “the commune-raised Russia,” although he continued to feel like a poet of “the passing Rus' ", "golden log hut". Dramatic poem "Pugachev" (1921).
In a state of depression, he committed suicide.” (I protest! they killed him (()
ESENIN ALEXANDER NIKITICH(1873-1931) - father of the poet S. A. Yesenin]
Sergei Yesenin's father Alexander Nikitich sang in church as a boy
on Shchipok Street, there was a butcher shop where Sergei Yesenin’s father Alexander Nikitich worked as a senior clerk and where he went to work in 1912 and where Sergei Yesenin also worked as a clerk when he moved from his village of Konstantinovo to Moscow. And he lived with his father not far from Shchipok Street in Bolshoi Strochenovsky Lane, in Krylov’s house, 24, in a hostel for “single clerks”... True, after a while he left the butcher shop (what kind of butcher is he?! and what kind of clerk?! ) and went back to Konstantinovo, but soon returned to Moscow again and for some time worked as a salesman in a bookstore in the Strastnaya Square area. And in 1913, he got a job as an assistant proofreader, a subreader, in the printing house "Partnership of I.D. Sytin" on Pyatnitskaya Street, 71... And then he left, as they say, for free bread.
TATIANA FYODOROVNA ESENINA(TITOVA; 1865-1955) - the poet’s mother, whose image ran through all of his work.
NATALIA EVTIKHIEVNA TITOVA(1847-1911) - grandmother of Yesenin (mother of Tatyana Fedorovna)
Titov Fedor Andreevich (1845-1927), Yesenin’s maternal grandfather
TITOV IVAN FEDOROVICH, Yesenin’s maternal uncle
EKATERINA ALEXANDROVNA ESENINA-elder sister (1905-1977).
ALEXANDRA ALEXANDROVNA ESENINA - younger sister (1911-1981).
Yesenin Ilya Ivanovich (1902-1942?), cousin of the poet
Yesenina Olga Alexandrovna (1898-1901
Nasedkin Vasily Fedorovich (1895-1938), poet, husband of E. A. Yesenina
FIRST WIFE ANNA IZRYADNOVA 1891-1946
ESENIN YURI (GEORGY) SERGEEVICH born December 21, 1914 in Moscow. Graduated from the Moscow Aviation Technical School.
Father - SERGEY ALEXANDROVICH ESENIN, poet (1895-1925),
mother - ANNA ROMANOVNA IZRYADNOVA(d. 1946).
(Sivtsev Vrazhek, 44, apt. 14 where Anna Izryadnova lived, her son Georgy Yesenin lived and temporarily, in 1938 - 1939, Yesenin’s mother, Tatyana Fedorovna, was registered)
On April 4, 1937, Yuri Yesenin was arrested in the Far East (where he served in the military) as “an active participant in a counter-revolutionary fascist-terrorist group,” by order of the deputy. People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Y. Agranov. On May 18, Yesenin was taken to Moscow to the Lubyanka. He was subjected to massive psychological treatment by NKVD officers and signed all the accusations against him. On August 13, 1937, Yu. Yesenin was shot.
In 1956, Yuri Yesenin was posthumously rehabilitated.
SECOND WIFE ZINAIDA REICH:
On August 12, 1917, Sergei Yesenin and Zinaida Reich (1894-1939) got married in the Kiriko-Ulitovskaya Church in the Vologda district.
Children: Tatyana and Konstantin
ESENINA TATYANA SERGEEVNA(May 29, 1918 - May 6, 1992 Botkin cemetery in Tashkent) Russian science fiction writer.
Father - poet Sergei Yesenin. Mother - actress Zinaida Reich. Lived in Tashkent. Member of the Writers' Union. Director of the Sergei Yesenin Museum.
ESENIN KONSTANTIN SERGEEVICH(02/03/1920, Moscow - 04/26/1986, Moscow, buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery. He was a famous football statistician. Son of Zinaida Reich
On November 4, 1920, at the literary evening “The Trial of the Imagists,” Yesenin met Galina Benislavskaya
Benislavskaya Galina Arturovna (1897-1926)
THIRD WIFE: ISADORAH DUNCAN:
On May 2, 1922, Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan ((1877-1927) decided to consolidate their marriage according to Soviet laws
On May 12, 1924, the illegitimate son of Sergei Yesenin and Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin was born in Leningrad - a prominent mathematician, famous human rights activist,
A. Yesenin-Volpin
Now lives in the USA.
FOURTH WIFE SOFIA TOLSTAY
Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy.
Tolstaya-Yesenina Sofya Andreevna (1900-1957) - wife of Yesenin, museum worker, granddaughter of L. N. Tolstoy. Under Yesenin’s dictation she wrote down many of his works, rewrote his poems, and actively participated in the publication of Yesenin’s works. After the poet’s death, Tolstaya organized the Yesenin Museum in Moscow, collected, preserved and rewrote many of Yesenin’s manuscripts.
Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya, born on April 12, 1900 in Yasnaya Polyana, died on June 29, 1957 in Malakhovka near Moscow.
KASHINA (nee Kulakova) LIDIA IVANOVNA (1886-1937) - owner of the estate in the village. Konstantinovo, Yesenin’s friend.
Panfilov Grigory Andreevich (1893-1914) - friend of Yesenin’s adolescence
Sardanovskaya (married Olonovskaya) Anna Alekseevna (1896-1921), Yesenin’s youthful hobby, teacher, relative of the Konstantinovsky priest Fr. Ivan (Smirnova). Perhaps Yesenin’s acquaintance with Sardanovskaya dates back to 1906
“The sex idol of Russia for all time, he languished from the melancholy of indifference... his women loved him, but he didn’t love them...” Who do you think this is written about? No, this is not about an actor or a stripper. These words, published a year ago, are about Sergei Yesenin. They belong to the editor of one of the literary almanacs - and there is nothing to add here... The poet, both during his life and after his death, was lucky to have this kind of respondents. In their home-grown heads, different reviews were born about him, about his lyre-soul, which in some incomprehensible way blossomed in constant drunkenness, riotous lifestyle and in psychiatric hospitals. How insignificant the crowd is in its understanding of the Genius. What good ground she prepared for the crime of the century to become suicide.
Konstantinovo - the origins of the polyphonic, bright, original Yesenin world. A bright, green, free village on Ryazan land. Church on a hill, chapel, spring. A manor's house with a huge, beautiful garden and rows of neat peasant houses, among them two houses of the poet's grandfathers - Nikita Osipovich Yesenin (on his father's side) and Fyodor Andreevich Titov (on his mother's side), respected and sober people. The latter, as Katya, Yesenin’s sister, recalled, was known by the whole district: “smart in conversation, cheerful in a feast and angry in anger, our grandfather knew how to please people... At the beginning of spring, grandfather left for St. Petersburg and sailed on barges until late autumn... In gratitude to God For a successful voyage, grandfather erected a chapel in front of his house. The icon of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker always had a lamp burning in the chapel during the holidays. After settling accounts with God, grandfather was supposed to have fun. Barrels of mash and wine were placed near the house.“Drink! Eat! Rejoice, Orthodox Christians! There is no point in saving money, if we die, everything will remain...” In the house of this grandfather, Fyodor Andreevich, Yesenin’s parents, Tatyana Fedorovna and Alexander Nikitich, had a wedding. Sergei lived in the same house as a child when his father and mother had a big disagreement, and before leaving for the city, she brought her two-year-old, restless and very weak son to the parental home. Here they came out and fell in love with him, especially his grandmother Natalya Evtikhievna, who was a “jack of all trades”: she wove canvases, baked pies with lingonberries, kept the house clean and beautiful. And how many fairy tales she knew - she couldn’t listen to them again. “Grandmother loved me with all her might, and her tenderness knew no bounds. On Saturdays they washed me, cut my nails and crimped my head with hot oil, because not a single comb could take curly hair...” - Yesenin recalled about his wonderful five years of life lived in love and affection - from three to eight, so important in life everyone. How much warmth and beauty came with that time to Sergei: “...At night, in calm weather, the moon stands upright in the water. When the horses drank, it seemed to me that they were about to drink the moon..." And how many images of Constantine's nature the poet will bring in his pure verses... ("Hey you, slaves, slaves! // You stuck to the ground with your belly. // Today the moon is with water // The horses drank." "Heavenly Drummer", 1918).
In the zemstvo four-year school, the village priest Ivan Yakovlevich Popov shared good guardianship over Sergei with his grandfather. A widower who raised a daughter and several other adopted children, he discouraged him, already grown up and playful, from the street and was the first to notice the unusualness of the student. In the house of Ivan’s father in 1907-1908, the “quiet youth, feeling meekly” read his first poems to the successful metropolitan student Nikolai Sardanovsky, a relative of the village priest. The poems, Nikolai recalled, were about rural nature...
Yesenin graduated from his four-year school in 1909 with honors and, at the request of his father Ivan, was sent to a church-teacher school in Spas-Klepiki, where he began almost adult life, far from home, unfriendly, with a common dormitory for forty beds, with fights among classmates. And here, when Sergei did not know where to lay his head, a kindred spirit appears next to him again - Grisha Panfilov, who also studied at this school, but lived at home, with his parents, in Spas-Klepiki. They got along quickly and communicated as if they had known each other for a long time: about poetry, about literature, about Leo Tolstoy, about the fact that they should go to Yasnaya Polyana and honor his memory, about all their experiences and first hobbies. Sergei often visited Grisha at home and became attached to him with all his soul. When a friend died of consumption in 1914, the land left from under Sergei. Grisha, Grisha... How he supported his precious classmate who had left for Moscow. I sent so many kind letters so that he wouldn’t feel lonely. It was to him, Grisha Panfilov, that Sergei wrote: “Moscow is a soulless city, and everyone who strives for the sun and light mostly runs away from it...”But gradually seventeen-year-old Yesenin began to get used to the capital. A forwarder in the bookselling partnership "Culture", a Surikovite (participant of the Surikov literary and musical circle, in which talents were "discovered"), a subreader, then a proofreader, in Sytin's printing house, a student of the historical and philosophical course at Shanyavsky University and, finally, a young father. In December 1914, his son Yura was born.
Yesenin’s first common-law wife, Anna Izryadnova, worked with the poet in Sytin’s printing house and lived with him for quite a while. But this did not stop her from maintaining a relationship with Yesenin. The doors of her house were always open for him. Anna Romanovna left an interesting verbal portrait of a very young poet: “He had just (in 1913 - editor's note) arrived from the village, but in appearance he did not look like a village guy. He was wearing a brown suit, a high starched collar and a green tie. With golden curls, he was doll-like beautiful...” It must be said that almost all the companions of his life left memories of Sergei Alexandrovich. (Only the diaries of Zinaida Reich, his first official wife, disappeared.) And they were all extremely charming, smart, talented, who played their roles in his personal and creative destiny. So to say that women loved Yesenin, but he didn’t, is somehow unnatural and strange. Perhaps his love story does not have such a sizzling feeling as, for example, Alexander Blok, and he practically did not make dedications to his chosen ones, except perhaps Augusta Miklashevskaya. But the soulful reader does not need to look for feelings in his poems; there are no poems without feelings.
The fact that Yesenin did not love anyone is one of the many stereotypes created about him by his contemporaries. There are famous sayings that the poet had three loves: for Russia, poetry and fame. Yes, and this is understandable, because great feelings arise “when you love your soul to the bottom”...The great subjectivity of contemporaries in their assessments of Yesenin is evidenced by the Yesenin portraits they compiled. Zinaida Gippius saw him like this: “He is 18 years old. Strong, medium height. He sits over a glass of tea a little like a peasant, stooping; the face is ordinary, rather pleasant; low-browed, with a file-shaped nose, and Mongolian eyes slightly squinting...” The literary leader of the proletariat, M. Gorky, saw something else in Yesenin: “Yesenin gave me a dim impression of a modest and somewhat confused boy, who himself feels that there is no place for him in the huge St. Petersburg. Such clean boys are residents of quiet cities, Kaluga, Orel, Ryazan, Simbirsk, Tambov. There you see them as clerks in shopping arcades, apprentice carpenters, dancers and singers in tavern choirs..."
And here is G. Ivanov’s recollection: “... Yesenin comes out onto the stage in a pink silk blouse, with a comb dangling from a gold belt. Cheeks are flushed. In hands is a bouquet of paper cornflowers. He comes out with his arms akimbo, swaying somehow “like a fellow.” A cheeky smile, but embarrassed.” All these reviews refer to approximately the same period - the appearance of Sergei Alexandrovich in St. Petersburg in the spring of 1915, where he went to seek a meeting with Blok, which he had long dreamed of. He hoped that the great poet would somehow help him and tell him what to do next. After all, Yesenin is already published by all the thin Moscow magazines, only the thick ones are not yet welcome, and “Radunitsa” - the first collection of poems - is almost ready.
“During the day I have a guy from Ryazan with poetry. Peasant of the Ryazan province. 19 years. The poems are fresh, clean, verbose. Language. He came to me on March 9, 1915,” Blok noted in his diary, who, having politely met him, sent him to S. Gorodetsky and M. Murashev. The latter worked in the most popular newspaper at that time, Birzhevye Vedomosti.
 Sergey Yesenin. Petrograd, 1916 |
“He read a lot of things... He would finish reading until dawn and, without sleeping, go to study again. He had such a greed for learning, and he wanted to know everything...” - Tatyana Fedorovna, the poet’s mother, recalled about his first universities. “I read all my free time, spent my salary on books, magazines...” wrote Anna Izryadnova. “It was hard to imagine when this “scandalist” worked, but he worked hard at that time,” said N. Poletaev, referring to 1921.
Let's return to the first St. Petersburg period of the poet, which is so rich in events, and not only literary ones. In the spring of 1916, Yesenin was called up for military service - with the Highest permission he was appointed as an orderly on the Tsarskoe Selo military hospital train No. 143, lived in Tsarskoe Selo, not far from Ivanov-Razumnik, was presented to the court, where his poems were listened to, “with bated breath, fearing skip a word." The Empress really liked the poems, she even expressed her deign to dedicate the next collection to her. Of course, this immensely flattered the young poet. But when “free-thinking” colleagues in the shop learned that a dedication to the Empress would appear on the collection “Dove”, Yesenin was pinned against the wall for a “vile act.” He barely managed to remove “I reverently dedicate...” from the set, although several proofs did leak into the hands of bibliophiles.
Here, in Tsarskoye Selo, Sergei Alexandrovich met Rasputin, spent time in the hospital where his appendicitis was removed, and here he experienced another mobilization - already in Soviet times - to fight the whites. Out of fright, as A. Mariengof wrote, the poet ran to the circus commissar - N. Rukavishnikova, since the circus performers were exempted from the honor of defending the republic. She invited him to ride into the arena on horseback and read some poems that corresponded to the spirit of the times, accompanying the pantomime. But during one of the performances, the previously calm horse suddenly shook its head so much that Yesenin, out of surprise, “flew out of the saddle and, having described a dizzying somersault in the air, stretched out on the ground,” later saying that he would rather lay down his head in a fair fight.
Anatoly Mariengof is another milestone in Yesenin’s life. At first glance, they were friends inseparable. But how things turned out not so simply, and much later, “A Novel Without Lies,” written by Mariengof, became another portion in the brew of “memories of the poet.”
 Zinaida Reich with children Kostya and Tanya |
Then, when Galina Benislavskaya wrote these words in her diary, no one from the poet’s entourage could have imagined how the “not seeing the revolution” would echo in his fate, which would divide his life (like the lives of many, but in this case we are talking about Yesenin ) into “before” and “after”. And what happened “after” will gradually begin to bring him closer to the tragedy of 1925.
Immediately after the October revolution, Yesenin found himself not in the party, G. Ivanov recalled, but in close proximity to the “Soviet top”, because it was “psychologically impossible” to imagine him with Denikin, Kolchak or in exile. “From his origin to his mental make-up, everything disposed him to turn away from “Kerensky Russia” and not out of fear, but out of conscience, to support the “worker-peasant” one. Sergei Alexandrovich himself wrote in his 1922 autobiography that he was never a member of the RCP, because he felt much “to the left.” And, finally, the well-known assessment of L. Trotsky: “No, the poet was not alien to the revolution - he was not related to it. Yesenin is intimate, gentle, lyrical - the revolution is public, epic, catastrophic. That is why the poet’s short life ended in disaster.”
Direct proximity to the “Soviet elite” - what this really meant is not easy to understand from reviews. The essence of the poet's relationship with the new world and the new government can only be found in his own confessions and, of course, in poetry. But search carefully, without waving lines taken out of the context of “The Jordanian Dove”: “The sky is like a bell, // The month is a language, // My mother is the homeland, // I am a Bolshevik.” After all, there are other thoughts: “Evil October showers rings // from the brown hands of birches.” Is it possible to judge by one word from an entire phrase? And can all eyewitness testimony be taken on faith or, on the contrary, interpreted as convenient? For example, this episode: in the spring of 1918, at Alexei Tolstoy’s name day, Sergei Alexandrovich, who had returned from St. Petersburg, was courting a certain poetess and suddenly innocently suggested to her: “Do you want to watch how they shoot? I’ll arrange this for you through Blumkin in a minute.” Blumkin was sitting at the same table. What was it? According to V. Khodasevich, Yesenin “showed off” in this way. Most likely so. But there are other points of view.
Or another story - about external panache - with top hats. Whoever pinched Yesenin for them, reproaching him for taking aim at Pushkin. But the cylinder came to the poet himself.
“...It was raining in St. Petersburg. My parting shone like the top of a piano,” Mariengof recalled. - Yesenin’s golden head turned brown, and his curls hung in pitiful clerk’s commas. He was upset to the last degree. They ran from store to store, begging them to sell us a hat without a warrant. In the tenth store, the red-cheeked German at the cash register said:
Without a warrant, I can only release you the cylinders.
We, incredibly delighted, gratefully shook the German’s plump hand. And five minutes later on Nevsky, ghostly St. Petersburg residents rolled their eyes at us, the toffees cackled after us, and the amazed policeman demanded: “Documents!”
Surprisingly, by 1919, the time of the total “reorganization of the world” and the monstrous Red Terror, the poet already had four books: “Radunitsa” (1916), “Dove” (1916), “Transfiguration” (1918) and “Rural Book of Hours” (1918). In this case, it is necessary to take into account the conditions under which he worked. N. Poletaev recalls how Yesenin lived (in 1918) in Proletkult, together with the poet Klychkov. They huddled in the bathroom of the Morozov merchants. One slept on the bed, and the other in the closet. And Yesenin’s friend L. Povitsky talked about how the poet often went hungry and how one day he and Klychkov came to visit him, and while Povitsky was trying to put it on the table, the guests swallowed a large piece of butter in one fell swoop. The owner was surprised: how could they eat it without bread? - “Nothing - delicious!” - the guests answered.Meanwhile, according to V. Mayakovsky, there was one “new trait in the narcissistic Yesenin: he treated with some envy all the poets who were organically united with the revolution, with the class and saw a great optimistic path ahead of them” - there were many such interpretations . And if we add to this: Yesenin’s scandals skillfully provoked by the audience in the “Stable of Pegasus”, his direct participation in the development and publicity of the program of the Imagists, who, according to A. Lunacharsky, maliciously abused modern Russia, the brave correspondence of Sergei Alexandrovich with Lunacharsky, collective requests the imagists let them out of Russia, Yesenin and Mariengof’s visits to “Zoyka’s apartment” - into the so-called “salon” of Zoya Shatova, the detention and bringing of Yesenin to the Lubyanka - then the portrait of the “hooligan” Yesenin begins to acquire distinct, convex features. And try to explain to the public that it is impossible to fit a poet into a general mold. As for imagism, the poet himself said the following to Ivan Rozanov: “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” - that’s where, perhaps, the beginning of my imagism came from.” And is it possible to “place” Yesenin in any artistic movement, literary school? His poetry is outside of schools.
Much of what was happening at that time in the Pegasus Stable can be explained by a shocking state of mind and a desire to “ignite” the audience. Something - mischief. How else to treat, for example, the episode when Yesenin went to ask the member of the presidium of the Moscow Council on duty for a paper for the Imagists, which was under the strictest records. For the visit, he put on a long-skirted undershirt, combed his hair in a peasant style and, standing in front of the responsible person without a hat, bowing, specially asking, “for the sake of Christ,” to do “divine mercy” and give him papers “for peasant poems.” Blond Lel, of course, was not refused.
But there was a lot of other things in this “imagist” period, not just for fun. “...Do you hear? Do you hear a loud knock? // This is the rake of dawn through the forests. // With the oars of severed hands // You are rowing into the land of the future,” the poet read from the cafe stage. (Later, as we know, the “land of the future” will appear - the unfinished play “The Land of Scoundrels.”) Further, from the same poem “Mare Ships”: “Oh, who, who should we sing // In this mad glow of corpses?”
Such lines became the necessary information for those who came to the cafe under the guise of poetry lovers, but the main events of Yesenin’s “anti-Soviet” life were still ahead.
In the meantime - 1921. Meeting with Isadora Duncan. Their romance, starting from their acquaintance, is entirely a love story with all the appropriate comments. “At the end of the dance, he jumped up and on a huge mirror that spanned the entire wall, with the sharp stone of his ring, drew two clear words: “I love Duncan”... The world celebrity, spoiled by constant success, obviously encountered such an expression of delight for the first time in his life ", - recorded from the words of eyewitnesses Vs. Christmas. But here is another story - as if Duncan, who quickly noticed the blue-eyed guy, turned to the “decadent old man” S. Polyakov with a question: Who is this young man with such a vicious face? And they were immediately introduced.
The romance spun quickly. The public went through different versions of such a union: they wanted prosperity, they wanted more fame, a famous person in their biography, etc. Nadezhda Volpin, another common-law wife of the poet, who gave birth to his son Alexander, judged their relationship differently. She believed in Isadora's sincere passionate love and Yesenin's strong attraction. And of course, as befits a woman, she was not without emotions: “Yesenin, I think, imagined himself as Ivan the Fool, conquering the overseas queen.” And so be it. Isadora showed up on time. The poet was not in the best mood, he was tired of his former friends, of literary ups and downs, of the truth of life that came to him with every new day, he closed in on himself and openly admitted: “... I’m very tired, and my last Drunkenness made me completely nervous.” In the same 1921, Yesenin finished the dramatic poem “Pugachev”:
“...No, this is not August, when the oats fall off, // When the wind beats them across the fields with a rough club. // Dead, dead, look, there are dead people all around, // There they are laughing, spitting out rotten teeth”...
The overseas firebird picked up the poet and carried him over the seas and oceans. Berlin, Paris, New York and again - Europe. And on “the other shore” another truth came to him: “...why the hell do people need this soul, which in Russia is measured for pounds. This soul is a completely unnecessary thing, always in felt boots, with dirty hair... With sadness, with fear, but I am already beginning to learn to say to myself: button up your soul, Yesenin, it’s as unpleasant as unbuttoned trousers,” he wrote from New -York A. Mariengof.
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Colonel of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Eduard Aleksandrovich Khlystalov, who worked for many years as an investigator at 38 Petrovka, dealt with the issue of the death of Sergei Yesenin. Here are just a few conclusions from his private investigation: “...In the conclusion on the causes of Yesenin’s death, forensic expert Gilyarevsky wrote: “Based on the autopsy data, it should be concluded that Yesenin’s death resulted from asphyxia caused by compression of the respiratory tract through hanging. The indentation on the forehead could have been caused by the pressure of hanging. The dark purple color of the lower extremities and pinpoint bruises on them indicate that the deceased was hanging for a long time. The wounds on the upper extremities could have been inflicted by the deceased himself and, being superficial, had no influence on death”... Doubt about the authenticity of the act is caused by the following. 1) The act is written on a simple sheet of paper without any details confirming that the document belongs to a medical institution. It does not have a registration number, corner stamp, official seal, signature of the head of the hospital department or examination bureau. It should be added that after 1925 the fate of A.G. Gilyarevsky is unknown; his wife was repressed and also disappeared. |
And in Moscow, after his departure, the poet’s friend, already mentioned above, Galina Benislavskaya, fell ill - with acute neurasthenia, she arrived for treatment at a sanatorium in Pokrovsky-Streshnevo. She wrote about herself: “It was excruciatingly painful all night... Like a toothache, the thought that E. loves this old woman, and that there is nothing to hope for here.” Galina was very attached to Yesenin, endured all the difficulties of his creative nature and really helped. Suffice it to say that after Yesenin’s quarrel with the Imagists, and most importantly with A. Mariengof, she sheltered him, and then both of the poet’s sisters, Ekaterina and Alexandra. Everyone lived in one room, Benislavskaya took care of the housework, and she herself often slept on the floor under the table - there weren’t enough meters. Her help was invaluable in another matter; it seems that it was she, being associated with the Cheka, who several times solved his problems with arrests. (By the way, it is an interesting fact that in 1924 she had a secret admirer - Trotsky’s son Lev Sedov, that after Yesenin’s death Galina drowned her grief in wine, that on the anniversary of the poet’s death she shot herself at his grave.)
Sergei Aleksandrovich returned to Moscow in August 1923 and plunged deeply, as V. Khodasevich writes, into the NEP swamp, “having felt all the shameful difference between Bolshevik slogans and Soviet reality even in the city, Yesenin fell into anger.” His tavern scandals and performances began, one of which ended in a comradely trial of four poets: S. Yesenin, P. Oreshin, S. Klychkov and A. Ganin. They were accused of insulting a stranger while talking in a pub about the publication of a magazine, calling him a “Jewish face.” Friends assured that the offended man had overheard them. As a result, the prosecutor L. Sosnovsky, a like-minded person of L. Trotsky and one of the organizers of the execution of the royal family, saw in the incident a manifestation of anti-Semitism. And in the newspaper “Working Moscow” dated December 12, 1923, workers’ correspondents wrote that the case of the four poets revealed an ulcer for us, “which needs to be cured or cut off once and for all.” The situation turned out to be more than serious, and L. Sosnovsky knew this, of course. According to the Decree “On the Fight against Anti-Semitism” adopted in 1918, the perpetrators had two options: a camp or execution. V. Polonsky, V. Lvov-Rogachevsky, A. Sobol stood up for the poets, assuring those listening that the accused were not anti-Semites, that an unfortunate misunderstanding had occurred. (After the funeral of S. Yesenin, A. Sobol will be found at the monument to Dostoevsky with a bullet through his head.) As a result, the four were publicly reprimanded. And yet it was the beginning of the end. After a series of events, Alexei Ganin, like Sergei Yesenin, would be dealt with in 1925. Ganin will be shot, and the theses he wrote, “Peace and Free Labor for Nations,” will be added to the case, in which he stated that Russia has been in a state of mortal agony for several years, that the clear spirit of the Russian people has been treacherously killed. Pyotr Oreshin and Sergei Klychkov will not long outlive their friends: the first will be shot in March 1937, the second in October of the same year...
At the end of the friendly trial, Sergei Alexandrovich, of course, realized that this performance was staged for a reason. And yet he responds to all participants in the action with an article entitled “Russians”: “There was no more disgusting and vile time in literary life than the time in which we live. The difficult state of the state over these years in the international struggle for its independence, by chance circumstances, brought into the arena of literature revolutionary sergeants who have merits for the proletariat, but not at all for art...” the poet wrote, further mentioning both Sosnovsky and Trotsky. The latter is also captured in poetic images, in the unfinished play “Country of Scoundrels”, where one of the heroes - the Chekistov commissar (aka Leibman) - arrived, according to the author’s plan, from Weimar to Russia “to tame fools and beasts” and “to rebuild the churches of God in latrines." The prototype of Chekistov is none other than Leiba Trotsky, who lived in exile in the city of Weimar.
Further events brought the poet ever closer to a tragic ending. Former friends and comrades also had a hand in this. The imagists, R. Ivnev, A. Mariengof, V. Shershenevich, not only did not come to the comrades’ courtroom in order to testify with their own presence to the falsity of the accusations against Yesenin, but moreover, they wrote a letter to the editor of the magazine “New Spectator”, in every possible way disowning poet. (Why did they need him now? In the Mariengof cafe, in the “Pegasus Stable”, where the public flocked to Yesenin and thereby made good money, he no longer appeared.)
The artist Svarog (V.S. Korochkin), who made a drawing of the deceased Yesenin in a hotel room, told his friend, journalist I.S. Heisin, the following: “It seems to me that this Erlich slipped him something at night, well... maybe not poison, but a strong sleeping pill. It was not for nothing that he “forgot” his briefcase in Yesenin’s room. And he didn’t go home to “sleep” - with Yesenin’s note in his pocket. It was not in vain that he was hanging around all the time nearby; probably, their entire company was sitting and biding their time in the neighboring rooms. The situation was nervous, there was a congress in Moscow, people in leather jackets were walking around in Angleterre all night. They were in a hurry to remove Yesenin, which is why everything was so clumsy, and many traces were left. The frightened janitor, who was carrying firewood and did not enter the room, heard what was happening and rushed to call Commandant Nazarov... And where is this janitor now? First there was a “noose” - Yesenin tried to loosen it with his right hand, and so his hand froze in a cramp. His head was on the armrest of the sofa when Yesenin was hit above the bridge of his nose with the handle of a revolver. Then they rolled him up in a carpet and wanted to lower him from the balcony; a car was waiting around the corner. It was easier to kidnap. But the balcony door did not open wide enough, so they left the corpse by the balcony, in the cold. They drank, smoked, all this dirt remained... Why do I think they rolled it into the carpet? When I was drawing, I noticed a lot of tiny specks on my trousers and a few in my hair... they tried to straighten their arm and slashed the tendons of their right arm with a Gillette razor, these cuts were visible... They took off their jacket, wrinkled and cut, put valuables in their pockets and then they took everything away... They were in a great hurry... They “hung” it in a hurry, already late at night, and it was not easy on a vertical riser. When they fled, Erlich remained to check something and prepare for the version of suicide... He also put this poem on the table, in a prominent place: “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye”... A very strange poem ..." (Published in the newspaper "Evening Leningrad", December 28, 1990).In that letter, colleagues in the workshop stated the following: “After a well-known incident that ended in court... the group developed an internal divergence with Yesenin... Yesenin, in our view, is hopelessly ill physically and mentally...” And the poet at this time, from December 17, 1923 to the end January 1924, stayed in the sanatorium department of the Shumsky psychiatric hospital. Benislavskaya put Yesenin there, fearing for his health and life: he increasingly began to talk about the enemies who were pursuing him. (Case No. 10055 was opened against S.A. Yesenin in the MCCHK for the fight against counter-revolution and crime, transferred to the Council of People's Court on January 27/1920.) After the hospital in January 1924, he was arrested together with Ganin in the Domino cafe. Sergei Alexandrovich was pulled out and put back in the hospital, after which he left for Leningrad, then on a trip to the Caucasus, from September 3, 1924 to March 1, 1925. Apparently, this trip saved him from the fact that he did not end up in the same bunch of charges as Ganin, who was charged with counter-revolutionary activities. Cases were also opened against Yesenin; he was accused under Articles 88, 57 and 176 of the Criminal Code - public insult to government officials, counter-revolutionary actions and hooliganism.
At the end of July 1925, the poet left again. This time, with Sofia Tolstoy, the granddaughter of Lev Nikolayevich, he ends up in Baku... And all these travels, the entire last year of his life, are running. From myself, from my environment, from S. Tolstoy, from the authorities, from illness. "God! I’m telling you for the hundredth time that they want to kill me! I feel it like an animal!” - he said to the Leningrad imagist poet V. Erlich.
Many people then noticed the poet’s alarming behavior. It did not change even after the clinic for nervous patients, from where Yesenin escaped, cherishing the plan to leave for Leningrad and start a new life. He telegraphed V. Erlich in advance to find 2-3 rooms - he wanted to move the sisters later. Before leaving, he dropped in to see Mariengof to make peace, and to see his children, Tanya and Kostya (their mother, Zinaida Reich, was not at home). They say that he was full of plans, he wanted to create his own magazine and work so that no one, not even friends, would interfere. But on December 27, 1925, he died; the poet was found hanged in his room at the Angleterre Hotel. According to the official version, he committed suicide.
According to the unofficial story, he was killed. And there is no reason not to believe this. Everything related to the investigation into the circumstances of his death is still a dark, shameful story with confused, contradictory testimony of “witnesses,” gross violations of the case management on the fact of death, and inadequate documentation. There are several memories of that terrible day in which the thought of murder is obvious. The husband of Yesenin’s sister, Ekaterina, V. Nasedkin (shot, like P. Oreshin, in March 1938), coming home from Angleterre, said that this did not look like suicide, “it seemed like his brains were popping out on his forehead.” Posthumous photographs of Yesenin (including negatives) taken by M. Nappelbaum have also been preserved; some of them clearly show a penetrating wound under the right eyebrow, which was not noted in the forensic medical examination report. Traces of the struggle are also visible in the photograph of the hotel room where Sergei Alexandrovich died: everything in the room is turned upside down, there are blood stains on the carpet and candelabra. The pose of the deceased also seemed unnatural to many: the stiff right arm was bent at the elbow, the “experts” concluded that the poet was grabbing the battery with his hand... But here you don’t need to be an expert to understand that the hanged man will not be able to bend his arms at the elbows, in the moment of strangulation from the noose the body sags like a bag.
Will the truth ever be told?
Biography of Sergei Yesenin
Russian poet. Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin was born on October 3 (old style - September 21) 1895 in the village of Konstantinov, Kuzminsk volost, Ryazan province, into a peasant family. The Yesenins and Titovs belonged to hereditary Konstantinovites. Sergei's father, Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1875-1932); mother - Tatyana Fedorovna Titova (1877-?); Sergei's sisters - Ekaterina and Alexandra. Sergei's grandfather - Nikita Osipovich Yesenin - in his youth was going to become a monk, for which he was nicknamed "monk" in the village. At the age of 28, he married a 16-year-old girl - Agrafena Pankratievna - and his young wife began to be called “nun”. Since then, according to Sergei’s sister, Ekaterina Alexandrovna, the entire generation of Yesenins bore the nicknames “monks” and “nuns.” Nikita Osipovich Yesenin was literate, wrote various kinds of petitions to his fellow villagers, was a village elder for many years, and was highly respected in the village. As a result of the division of property between the brothers, Nikita Osipovich did not receive land and decided to open a small shop on the first floor of his house. At forty, in 1887, he died, leaving his wife and six children. Sergei Yesenin's father, Alexander Nikitich Yesenin, was the eldest child. At the age of 11-12, Alexander was sent to study butchery with the merchant Krylov in Moscow, and later he became a clerk in his store. In 1893, eighteen-year-old Alexander Nikitich Yesenin married his fellow villager Tatyana Fedorovna Titova, who was sixteen and a half years old. After the wedding, Alexander returned to Moscow, and his wife remained in the house of her mother-in-law, who from the first days disliked her daughter-in-law. The grandmother was the full owner, in whose house many guests constantly lived. For them it was necessary to cook, wash, carry water, clean up after everyone, and almost all the work fell on the shoulders of the young daughter-in-law, who received only sidelong glances from her mother-in-law as a reward. When Sergei was born in 1895, Tatyana Fedorovna’s first surviving child, Alexander Nikitich was not in the village; “They let my father know in Moscow, but he couldn’t come.” As before his marriage, Alexander Nikitich sent his salary to his mother. A quarrel broke out between the young couple - Sergei's mother and father - and they lived separately for several years: Alexander Nikitich in Moscow, Tatyana Fedorovna in Ryazan.
When Sergei was three years old, his mother left the Yesenins. Sergei was taken to live by his second grandfather, Fyodor Andreevich Titov, who had quarreled with the Yesenin family back when his daughter was a bride. According to Sergei’s reviews, his grandfather was “a bright personality and broad-minded, had an excellent memory and knew by heart many folk songs and spiritual poems.” They lived in that part of the village, located on the high bank of the Oka and stretching for several kilometers, which was called Matovo. Fedor Andreevich sent Sergei’s mother to live in Ryazan so that she could try to get a piece of bread for herself and her son. When sending his daughter, Sergei’s grandfather ordered her to send three rubles a month to support his grandson. For five years, Sergei’s parents lived separately, and the boy lived in the house of his grandfather, Fyodor Andreevich, and grandmother, Natalya Evteevna. At the insistence of his grandfather, Sergei began reading at the age of five, learning to read and write from church books. He began writing poetry at the age of 8. Among his peers, Sergei, who had the nickname Seryoga the Monk, was a recognized horse breeder, a fighter and a tireless inventor of various boyish games.
In 1904, Sergei’s mother returned to Konstantinovo, and his father still worked in Moscow as a clerk, but came to visit the family several times a year. Sergei again began to live with his mother in the Yesenins’ house; after a forced almost five-year separation from her son, Tatyana Fedorovna began to treat him with even greater care and love. Living almost all the time alone with her children, she tried not to spoil them, to keep them strict, she did not like to caress them and undead in public. By nature, Tatyana Fedorovna was endowed with remarkable intelligence, beauty, and a wonderful gift of song. In 1904, at the age of nine, Sergei went to study at the Zemstvo four-year Konstantinovsky School. Few had the opportunity to study and there were no more than 10-12 students in each class. According to the recollections of Sergei’s classmates and his teachers, “he studied easily, as if jokingly, was gifted with a clear mind, had an excellent memory and was rightfully considered a capable student; Sergei was an avid book lover and what distinguished him from his peers was what was in his hands or under his shirt There was almost always some kind of book." “I had little faith in God, I didn’t like going to church. At home they knew this and, in order to test me, they gave me 4 kopecks for a prosphora, which I had to take to the altar to the priest for the ritual of removing the parts. The priest made 3 cuts on the prosphora and charged for it 2 kopecks. Then I learned to do this procedure myself with a penknife, and put 2 kopecks in my pocket and went to play in the cemetery with the boys, play knuckles." “At about the age of 11-12, he stopped wearing a cross and another nickname was added to Seryoga the Monk - Atheist.” In 1909, Sergei Yesenin graduated from school with a certificate of merit: out of eleven students, only four passed the “tests at the end of the course” with a “five”, among them was Sergei.
In the fall of 1909, Sergei Yesenin’s parents sent him to study at the Spas-Klepikovskaya second-grade church and teachers’ school, located not far from Konstantinov. After spending several days in a boarding school, Sergei, feeling homesick, made an “escape” and returned to his native village on foot, but was taken back. The school, which was a closed educational institution, was run by church authorities and trained teachers of parochial literacy schools; the program, designed for three years, included general church and Russian history, the law of God, the Russian language, Church Slavonic language, national history, geography, arithmetic, geometric drawing, drawing, and didactics. The pupils were in the school building all day: in the morning - in classes, in the evening they prepared lessons under the supervision of teachers; on Saturday and Sunday - mandatory attendance at church services. Everyone living in the boarding school paid 30 rubles a year for food and dormitory. In 1912, Sergei Yesenin graduated from teacher's school, receiving the "title of literacy school teacher." Of the works created by Sergei Yesenin in 1910-1912, more than 60 are currently known, including the first poem - “The Tale of Evpatiy Kolovrat...”.
In the summer of 1911, Sergei briefly came to Moscow for the first time to visit his father, who lived in Zamoskvorechye; Having returned home, he brought with him more than twenty books that he had bought in the city. At the end of the summer of 1912, Sergei Yesenin came to Moscow at the call of his father and began working in his office. He treated his father with great respect, but constant quarrels arose between them, caused by the fact that Alexander Nikitich, who knew from his bitter life experience how difficult it was to become a leader without education, was dissatisfied with the fact that his son did not want to continue his education and become a teacher. ; He also did not believe that he could live on money earned through poetry. Later, Sergei gave his first fee for poetry, received at the beginning of 1914, entirely to his father. At the beginning of 1913, Sergei left his father and began working in the printing house of the I.D. Sytin Partnership - first on an expedition, then as a proofreader (assistant proofreader). At that time, I.D. Sytin employed more than one and a half thousand workers, and every fourth book was printed in his printing house. In the same year, Sergei Yesenin began collaborating in the children's magazines Protalinka, Good Morning, Mirok, and in the newspapers Put Pravdy and Nov. At Sytin's printing house, Yesenin met Anna Romanovna Izryadnova, who had worked in the proofreading department since 1909, and in 1914 entered into a civil marriage. At the end of December 1914, Yesenin had a son, Yuri. After some time, Sergei married Zinaida Reich. In the spring of 1913, in connection with Yesenin’s participation in the revolutionary movement of the workers of Sytin’s printing house, the Moscow security department opened a case. In the secret police, Yesenin, who was under surveillance, had the nickname “Nabor”. He distributed illegal literature, participated in strikes and protest demonstrations held in factories and factories at the call of the Moscow Committee of the RSDLP. In the fall of 1913, a search was carried out at his apartment. Since the fall of 1913, together with A.R. Izryadnova, studied at the historical and philosophical department of the Moscow City People's University named after A.L. Shanyavsky, where he stayed for about two years, listening to lectures on Russian and Western European literature, the history of Russia and France, the history of modern philosophy, political economy, and logic. You had to pay for your studies annually. The amount was small, but significant for Yesenin’s modest earnings. Sergei Yesenin's first poem ("Birch") was published in 1914 under the pseudonym Ariston; The publication was in the children's magazine "Mirok" (No. 1).
Soon he began publishing under his own name, receiving 15 kopecks per line. Since the fall of 1914, Sergei Yesenin worked in the printing house of D. Chernyshev and N. Kobelkov. In 1913, Yesenin became a full member of the Surikov literary and musical circle, worked as a secretary, and at the end of 1914 he was elected secretary of the editorial board of the Surikov magazine “Friend of the People,” created with funds received from workers and employees. In February 1915, Yesenin was elected to the updated editorial staff of the magazine, but soon disagreements arose with the leaders of the circle, who insisted on publishing all works in the magazine, regardless of their artistic level.
Sergei Yesenin left the Surikov circle and in March 1915 went to Petrograd, where he met Alexander Blok, Andrei Bely, Vladimir Mayakovsky. He met A. Blok, whom Yesenin considered “the first poet,” on the very first day of his arrival - March 9, 1915, having independently found his apartment on Ofitserskaya Street and asked the poet to meet. During the first meeting, Blok himself selected six of Yesenin’s poems for publication and wrote a letter of recommendation to the writer Mikhail Pavlovich Murashev, who sent the young poet to several editorial offices. On March 11, 1915, thanks to a recommendation note from A. Blok, Yesenin met with the poet S.M. Gorodetsky. On the same day, Gorodetsky wrote to the editor of the Monthly Magazine V.S. Mirolyubov: “Dear Viktor Sergeevich. Caress the young talent - Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin. He has a ruble in his pocket, but wealth in his soul.” Following the “Monthly Magazine,” Yesenin’s poems appear in other metropolitan magazines. “My poems in St. Petersburg were successful,” Yesenin wrote on April 24, 1915, “out of 60, 51 were accepted. They took “Northern Notes”, “Russian Thought”, “Monthly Magazine” and others.” There was no money, no home of his own, and Yesenin had to spend the night wherever he could. He often lived with Murashev, whom he later called “the first of my first friends in the city of St. Petersburg.” Already in September 1915, the owner of the Prometheus book publishing house N.N. Mikhailov sent a letter to Yesenin with a proposal to publish a collection of his works, and on October 25, 1915, Sergei Yesenin’s first performance took place at the “evening of folk poetry” held by the literary and artistic group “Krasa” in the hall of the Tenishevsky School. On the eve of the new year, 1916, the Birzhevye Vedomosti newspaper told readers the names of writers whose works were supposed to be published on its pages next year: next to the name of Alexander Blok and other famous writers was the name of Sergei Yesenin. In February - May 1916, the magazine "Northern Notes" published S. Yesenin's first prose work - the story "Yar". At the beginning of 1916, Averyanov’s publishing house published the first collection of poems by Sergei Yesenin, “Radunitsa,” which he himself was very critical of, considering that some of the poems were not worth printing; in 1918, when preparing the second edition of "Radunitsa", he excluded sixteen poems.
Yesenin was very demanding about the titles of his subsequent collections, among which were “Dove”, “Zarenka”, “Transfiguration”, “Russian”, “Treryadnitsa”, “Rye Horses”, “Soviet Country”, “Birch Calico”, “ Persian motives". Soon after the publication of Yesenin’s first book “Radunitsa” M.P. Murashev received a letter from Professor S.A. Vengerov, in which the compiler of the “Criticobiographical Dictionary of Russian Writers and Scientists” asked Yesenin to send him a short autobiography. Sergei Yesenin was drafted into the army for the first time in the summer of 1915 in Ryazan, but then he received a temporary deferment; after the deferment, he was drafted in Petrograd. On March 17, 1916 Yesenin brought M.P. Murashev to preserve his manuscripts. Initially, he served in a reserve battalion located in St. Petersburg, from April - as a nurse in one of the Tsarskoye Selo hospitals, and traveled to Crimea with the Tsarskoye Selo field military hospital train No. 143. He served in the army until March 1917, leaving service without permission after the February Revolution. Yesenin lived in St. Petersburg until March 1918.
In 1918, Sergei Yesenin broke with the literary group "Scythians" and joined the group of imagists "Keys of Mary". On August 31, 1924, in a letter to the newspaper Pravda, he announced his withdrawal from the group, which led to its actual collapse. In 1918, one hundred and seven ditties, which were an insignificant part of Yesenin’s collection, were published on the pages of the Moscow newspaper “Voice of Labor Krustianism”: according to V.S. Chernyavsky Yesenin collected about four thousand ditties. In 1918-1921 Yesenin traveled a lot around the country: Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Crimea, the Caucasus, Turkestan, Bessarabia. In 1921, Sergei Yesenin married the American dancer Isadora Duncan (1878-1927), who took the surname Duncan-Yesenin. Isadora Duncan, one of the founders of modern dance, was greeted by packed theaters throughout Europe: as the basis for her dance, she took examples of ancient Greek plastic arts, which she studied in the halls of art of ancient Greece in the British Museum; Isadora replaced the traditional ballet costume with a tutu for a tunic, performed barefoot on stage, and abandoned the language of conventional gestures. In 1920, Duncan was invited to Soviet Russia to organize her own ballet school. The marriage to Yesenin was soon followed by a divorce, but on May 2, 1922, in the registry office of the Khamovnichesky district of Moscow, the re-marriage of Sergei Yesenin and the American dancer Isadora Duncan, who took the name Yesenin, took place. In the fall of 1922 the couple went abroad. Having visited many European countries, “touring all of Europe, except Spain,” Yesenin went to America, where he stayed for four months until February 1923. He returned to Moscow on August 3, 1923. After returning, he became close to the actress of the Moscow Chamber Theater A.L. Miklashevskaya, to whom he dedicated the cycle of poems “The Love of a Hooligan.” In 1924 Yesenin lived with G.A. Benislavskaya. In 1924 he travels to the Caucasus. In 1924-1925 he was published in the newspapers Izvestia, Baku Worker, and Zarya Vostoka. During this period (1924-1925) Sergei Yesenin created the poems “Anna Snegina”, “Song of the Great March”, “Gulyai-Pole” (excerpt “Lenin”), “Ballad of Twenty-Six”, “Poem 36”, “Black man", most of the "small poems": "Soviet Russia", "Departing Russia", "Return to the Motherland", a cycle of poems "Persian motives" and more than sixty lyric poems. When preparing the Collected Works in 1925, out of fifteen thousand lines written, Sergei Yesenin selected only ten thousand for publication - “the best”.
In the summer of 1925, with the firm intention of “not making friends” with bohemians, Yesenin returned to Moscow. In June 1925, Sergei Yesenin married S.A. Tolstoy (granddaughter of L.N. Tolstoy), who took the surname Tolstaya-Yesenina. In November 1925 he went to a Moscow hospital. On December 24, 1925, Sergei Yesenin left for Leningrad, where he planned to stay until the summer, and then go to Italy to see M. Gorky. But on the night of December 28, at the International Hotel (Angleterre), Yesenin, according to the official version, committed suicide: on the morning of December 28, he was found hanged in his hotel room. The day before, he wrote the poem “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...” and gave it to his Leningrad friend, the poet Wolf Erlich. “By the end of 1925, Yesenin’s decision to “leave” became manic. He lay down under the wheels of a country train, tried to throw himself out of a window, cut a vein with a piece of glass, and stab himself with a kitchen knife.
In the last months of his tragic existence, Yesenin was human for no more than one hour a day. From the first morning glass his mind was already darkening. And after the first, as an iron rule, came the second, third, fourth, fifth... From time to time Yesenin was admitted to the hospital, where the most famous doctors treated him with the latest methods. They helped as little as the oldest methods with which they also tried to treat him." Moscow said goodbye to Yesenin in the House of Press. Sergei Yesenin was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.
The father of the Poet Sergei Yesenin is Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1873 - 1931).
Photo - 1910
Alexander Nikitich had a wonderful voice as a child and sang in church as a boy. In his adult life, for some time, he worked as a clerk in a butcher shop on Shchipok Street in Moscow. In 1912, he decided to bring his son Sergei (he was 17 years old) “into the people” and gave him a job, who had just arrived from Konstantinovo, as a clerk there.
Sergei did not last long at this job. For some time they lived together in Moscow, in the hostel of “single clerks”, in Bolshoi Strochenovsky Lane - in Krylov’s house, 24. Sergei Yesenin had been creating poetry since his adolescence, by that time a lot of them had already been written.
Sergei Yesenin - early poems
The bird cherry tree is pouring snow
The bird cherry tree is pouring snow,
Greenery in bloom and dew.
In the field, leaning towards escape,
Rooks walk in the strip.
Silk herbs will disappear,
Smells like resinous pine.
Oh, meadows and oak groves, -
I'm besotted with spring.
Secret news pleases me,
Shine into my soul.
I'm thinking about the bride
I only sing about her.
Rash you, bird cherry, with snow,
Sing, you birds, in the forest.
Unsteady run across the field
I will spread the color with foam.
Sergei Yesenin, 15 years old, 1910.
Tanyusha was good
Tanyusha was good, there was no more beautiful woman in the village,
Red frilly on white sundress at the hem.
Tanya walks behind the fences by the ravine in the evening,
The moon in the cloudy fog plays with the clouds.
A guy came out and bowed his curly head:
“Farewell, my joy, I’ll marry someone else.”
She turned pale like a shroud, cold like dew.
Her braid developed like a snake-killer.
"Oh, blue-eyed guy, no offense, I'll say
I came to tell you: I’m marrying someone else.”
Not morning bells, but wedding echoes,
The wedding party rides on carts, the riders hide their faces.
It’s not the cuckoos who are sad - Tanya’s relatives are crying,
Tanya has a wound on her temple from a dashing flail.
A scarlet halo of blood caked on the brow, -
Tanyusha was beautiful, there was no more beautiful person in the village.
Sergei Yesenin, 16 years old, 1911.
Parents of Sergei Yesenin:
father Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1873 - 1931),
mother - Tatyana Fedorovna Yesenina, nee Titova (1875 - 1955).
On her knees is Alexandra's daughter
Photo - 1912-1913?
Parents and relatives of Sergei Yesenin’s mother:
Fyodor Andreevich (1845-1927) and Natalya Evtikhievna (1847-1911) Titovs -
Yesenin's maternal grandfather and grandmother (Tatiana Fedorovna's parents).
Titov Ivan Fedorovich is Yesenin’s maternal uncle.
Titov Alexander Fedorovich is Yesenin’s maternal uncle.
Titov Pyotr Fedorovich is Yesenin’s maternal uncle.
Yesenin Ilya Ivanovich (1902-1942) - the poet’s cousin.
Sergey Yesenin:
“From the age of two, he was given to be raised by his rather wealthy maternal grandfather,
who had three adult unmarried sons,
with whom I spent almost my entire childhood.
My uncles were mischievous and desperate guys.
When I was three and a half years old, they put me on a horse without a saddle and immediately started galloping.
Then I was taught to swim.
Uncle Sasha took me into the boat, drove away from the shore, took off my underwear and threw me into the water like a puppy.”
Sergei Yesenin - early poems
Mother in the Bathing Suit
Mother walked through the forest in Bathing Suit,
Barefoot, with pads, she wandered through the dew.
The sparrow's feet pricked her with herbs,
The darling cried in pain from pain.
Without knowing the liver, a cramp seized,
The nurse gasped and then gave birth.
I was born with songs in a grass blanket.
The spring dawns twisted me into a rainbow.
I grew to maturity, grandson of the Kupala night,
The dark witch prophesies happiness for me.
Just not according to conscience, happiness is ready,
I choose to remove the eyes and eyebrows.
Like a white snowflake, I melt into blue
Yes, I’m covering my tracks to the homewrecker fate.
Sergei Yesenin, 17 years old, 1912.
Sergei Yesenin with his sisters Ekaterina and Alexandra (Shura). 1912
Yesenina Ekaterina Alexandrovna (1905 - 1977)
Yesenina Olga Aleksandrovna - died early.
Yesenina Alexandra Alexandrovna (1911 - June 1, 1981),
buried near Sergei Yesenin
Sergei Yesenin - early poems
And above me the star is burning
And the star is burning above me,
But it glows dimly in the fog,
And a wide path lies before me,
But it is overgrown with weeds.
And he sends me smiles all day long,
But only complete contempt,
And fate brings me greetings,
But tears instead of consolation.
Sergei Yesenin, 16 years old, 1911-1912.
Sergei Yesenin, 18 years old, 1913
Sergey Yesenin -
letter to Maria Parmenovna Balzamova:
"My request remained in vain.
I'm probably not worth your attention.
Of course, it was low and perhaps difficult for you to write 2 lines;
Well, I apologize, next time I won’t bother you.
Calm down, goodbye!
S.E."
Sergey Yesenin, 17 years old. Moscow, May 29, 1913
Anna Romanovna Izryadnova (1891 - 1946).
Photo - 1910s.
In the fall of 1913, Sergei Yesenin (18 years old) entered into a civil marriage with Anna Romanovna Izryadnova,
who was four years older than him.
At that time, she worked together with Yesenin as a proofreader in a printing house.
On December 21, 1914, their son Yuri (George) was born.
Anna Romanovna loved Yesenin very much,
but with some kind of sacrificial, maternal love,
she seemed to sense his purpose in Poetry and did not want to tie him down with family concerns,
which, by the way, Yesenin received joyfully and excitedly - he cooked the food himself, washed the floors in the house.
But she consciously and obediently released him, devoting herself to her son.
She let go, even slightly pushed him away, knowing that sooner or later he would leave anyway.
And then events turned out like this:
that they parted sadly and tenderly, without quarrels or scandals.
During his life with Anna Romanovna
Yesenin wrote about 70 famous poems that became Russian classics.
During his life, Yesenin helped Izryadnova financially,
visited my son.
He came just before his death.
Anna Romanovna about Sergei Yesenin:
“At the end of December my son was born.
Yesenin had to mess with me a lot (we lived together).
It was necessary to send me to the hospital and take care of the apartment.
When I returned home, he had an exemplary order:
everywhere is washed, the stoves are heated, and even dinner is ready,
I bought a cake and was waiting.
He looked at the child with curiosity and kept repeating:
"Here I am the father"
Then he soon got used to it, fell in love with him, rocked him, lulled him to sleep,
sang songs over him.”
Alexandra Yesenina with the son of Sergei Yesenin - Yura Yesenin
Yesenin Yuri (George) Sergeevich (December 21, 1914 - August 13, 1937).
Yuri Yesenin was born in Moscow.
He looked like his father, a kind and bright boy,
romantic soul, inherited from his mother - gentleness of character.
Yuri dreamed of flying. Graduated from the Moscow Aviation Technical School.
On April 4, 1937, Yuri Yesenin was arrested in the Far East (where he served in military service),
as "an active participant in a counter-revolutionary fascist-terrorist group",
by order of the deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Y. Agranov.
Arrested on a false denunciation.
Then Yuri Yesenin was taken to Moscow to the Lubyanka on May 18.
There he was subjected to massive, brutal psychological treatment by NKVD officers.
and signed all the charges against him.
On August 13, 1937, at the young age of 23, Yuri Yesenin was shot.
In 1956, Yuri Sergeevich Yesenin was posthumously rehabilitated.
When Eduard Khlystalov, whom I (T.S.) knew, was alive,
he told me that he has information about prisoners,
sitting with Yuri Yesenin. Yuri shared with them his opinion about his father,
asserting and providing evidence that he could not have committed suicide,
that the secret murder of Sergei Yesenin was committed.
Yuri Sergeevich Yesenin -
son of Sergei Yesenin and Anna Romanovna Izryadnova
How much sadness and tragic foreboding of fate is in this young appearance!
So much power and vulnerability!
Yesenin - January, 1914.
Sergei Yesenin - early poems
Black, then smelling howl
Black, then smelly howl!
How can I not caress you, not love you?
I'll go out onto the lake into the blue road,
Evening grace clings to the heart.
The huts stand like gray ropes,
The squelching reeds softly lull.
The red fire bled the tagans,
In the brushwood are the white eyelids of the moon.
Quietly, squatting, in the spots of dawn
The mowers listen to the old man's story.
Somewhere in the distance, on the edge of the river,
The fishermen sing a sleepy song.
The puddle grass glows with tin...
Sad song, you are Russian pain.
Sergey Yesenin, 19 years old. 1914
Sergey Yesenin -
from a letter to Grigory Panfilov:
(talking about a new acquaintance who stole money and tried to become Yesenin’s friend. T.S.)
“It turns out that he is ready for any deal!
I don't have such friends.
I am sending you a children's magazine this week, it contains my poems.
Something is sad, Grisha. Hard.
I am alone, alone around, alone, and there is no one for me to open my soul to,
and people are so petty and wild.
You are far from me, but you can’t express everything in a letter,
oh, how I would like to see you.
I deeply mourn your illness
and I wouldn’t want to remind you of this,
It's too painful to poison your soul. Loving you, S.E."
Sergei Yesenin, 18 years old, end of January 1914. Moscow.
Panfilov Grigory Andreevich -
the closest friend of Sergei Yesenin, with whom he carried on intensive correspondence,
fellow student at the Spas-Klepikovsky Church and Teachers' School.
Grigory received this letter from Sergei Yesenin a month before his death -
died (approximately 20 years old) from tuberculosis on February 25, 1914.
This loss of a friend left an eternal wound in the soul of Sergei Yesenin.
Sergey Yesenin -
letter to Alexander Blok:
"Alexander Alexandrovich!
I wanted to talk to you. This is a very important matter for me.
You don't know me, maybe
where they found my name in magazines.
I'd like to come in at 4 o'clock.
With respect - S. Yesenin."
Sergei Yesenin and writer Mikhail Pavlovich Murashev (1884 - 1958)
Photo - April 10, 1916.
Sergey Yesenin -
letters to Mikhail Murashev:
“Dear Misha! Yesenin looked at you and sadly turned back.
The fact is that Chernyavsky really needs his manuscript.
His older brother recently died in his family.
Now he needs money, and he wants to publish this article. Sergey"
Sergei Yesenin, 1915-1916 Petrograd.
"Dear Michelle!
I'll be with you at 8 o'clock. Let's talk about something, and if you're busy,
then call me No. 448 - 71. Sergey."
Sergei Yesenin, 1915-1916 Petrograd.
Poets - Sergei Yesenin (left) and Nikolai Klyuev
Photo - 1916.
Poets Sergei Yesenin and Nikolai Klyuev (1887 - 1937)
Photo - 1916.
Sergei Yesenin, letter to writer Leonid Andreev:
"Dear Leonid Nikolaevich,
visiting A.M. Remizov, Klyuev and I wanted to see you,
but we didn’t have to, which we deeply regret.
I left you several poems and a book in your apartment.
Be virtuous, let me know whether any of them are suitable or not,
since I am in military service
and I don’t have the ability to handle it personally.
Sincerely respecting and honoring you - Sergei Yesenin."
Poet Sergei Yesenin. Photo - 1917.
Sergei Yesenin, the beginning of a letter to the poet Alexander Shiryaevets:
"He-he-he, well I'll tell you, my friend,
when all the words on my tongue disappeared, like today’s rubles.
There were and there weren't.
We're always close to something, but we'll definitely find something bad,
and in the distance everything looks the same as the past,
and what has passed will be nice, -
Pushkin said a hundred years ago.
God be with them, these St. Petersburg writers,
they swear, they lie to each other,
but still they are people, and therefore they are unscrewed.
There is nothing to judge about their relationship to us, they are different from us,
and it seems to me that they are much smaller than our peasant merchant..."
Poet Sergei Yesenin. Petrograd. Photo - 1917.
Yesenin's wife, actress -
Zinaida Nikolaevna Reich (1894 - 1939)
On July 30, 1917, Yesenin (21 years old) got married to actress Zinaida Reich
in the Church of Kirik and Ulita, Vologda district.
On May 29, 1918, their daughter Tatyana was born, whom Yesenin loved very much.
On February 3, 1920, after Yesenin broke up with Zinaida Reich,
they had a son, Konstantin.
October 2, 1921 People's Court of Orel
made a decision to dissolve Yesenin’s marriage with Reich.
Next, Sergei Yesenin helped Zinaida financially and visited the children.
In 1922, Zinaida Reich got married
for director Vsevolod Emilievich Meyerhold (1874 - 1940), he was 20 years older than her.
On the night of July 14-15, 1939, to the Moscow apartment of Zinaida Reich in Bryusovsky Lane
Unknown people burst in and brutally inflicted seven stab wounds on the actress.
Zinaida Reich died while she was being taken to the hospital.
All this happened 14 days after the arrest of her husband Vsevolod Meyerhold.
The mystery and motives of the murder are still unsolved.
Zinaida Reich is buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery in Moscow.
Yesenin's wife, actress - Zinaida Nikolaevna Reich (1894 - 1939)
and children from Yesenin - Tatyana and Konstantin.
Children of Sergei Yesenin and Zinaida Reich:
Konstantin Sergeevich Yesenin (02/03/1920, Moscow - 04/26/1986, Moscow),
buried at the Vagankovskoe cemetery.
He was a famous football statistician. Daughter Marina.
Tatyana Sergeevna Yesenina (1918 - 1992).
Member of the Writers' Union. Lived in Tashkent.
Director of the Sergei Yesenin Museum.
Two sons - Vladimir and Sergei.
Sergei Yesenin at the birch tree. Photo - 1918.
Sergei Yesenin with a cane. Photo - 1919.
Sergey Yesenin
and poet Alexander Borisovich Kusikov (Kusikyan) - (1896 - ?)
Sergei Yesenin (left)
Moscow, summer. Photo - 1919.
Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin
and a son from Yesenin - Alexander Sergeevich Yesenin-Volpin.
Yesenin and the poetess Nadezhda Volpin met in 1920.
when she joined the Imaginists.
Nadezhda wrote poetry in her youth, took part in the Green Lamp poetry studio,
which was led by the poet Andrei Bely.
Nadezhda had publications in collections,
she performed her poems in the "Poets Cafe", "Pegasus Stable".
On May 12, 1924, after a break with Yesenin, he was born in Leningrad
the illegitimate son of Sergei Yesenin and Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin - Alexander Yesenin-Volpin.
Later, he was a prominent mathematician and a famous human rights activist.
He periodically publishes poetry (under the name Volpin).
A. Yesenin-Volpin is one of the founders (together with Sakharov) of the Human Rights Committee,
former Soviet political prisoner (total period of stay in prisons, exile and “psychiatric hospitals” is 14 years).
In May 1972, at the suggestion of the Soviet authorities, he emigrated to the United States,
where he worked at the University at Buffalo, then at Boston University.
Author of the theorem in the field of dyadic spaces,
which received his name (Yesenin-Volpin theorem).
Now lives in the USA.
Sergei Yesenin (right)
and Anatoly Borisovich Mariengof (1897 - 1962).
Photo - 1921.
Sergey Yesenin. Photo - 1922.
Isadora's adopted daughter Irma Duncan (1898 - 1978),
Isadora Duncan, Sergei Yesenin.
Moscow. Photo - May, 1922.
Isadora Duncan (May 27, 1877, San Francisco - September 14, 1927, Nice).
American dancer, founder of free dance -
forerunners of modernity.
She used ancient Greek plastic arts, a chiton instead of a ballet costume, and danced barefoot.
In 1921-1924 she lived in Russia and organized a dance studio for children in Moscow.
With Isadora Duncan, who was 18 years older,
Yesenin met in the fall of 1921 in the workshop of G.B. Yakulov.
Yesenin (26 years old) and Duncan were married on May 3, 1922,
and Isadora accepted Russian citizenship.
After the wedding we went to Europe - we were in Germany, France, Belgium, Italy,
and lived for four months in the USA.
The trip lasted from May 1922 to August 1923.
Their marriage, despite the passion of the relationship, was short,
and soon there was a break. They were divorced.
In 1924, Duncan returned to the United States.
Isadora did not survive Yesenin for long - by 1 year and 8 months.
In Nice, having tied his long blood-red scarf,
she went for a walk in the car.
Her last words were: “Farewell, friends! I’m going to glory.”
The scarf wrapped around the wheel and tightened the death noose around the dancer's neck.
The death was instant.
She was buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery.
Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan - Berlin, 1922.
Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan - Paris, 1922.
Sergei Yesenin with a book. Photo - August, 1922.
Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan, on the streets of Venice.
Photo - August 1922.
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin and Isadora Duncan.
America. Photo - 1922.
Photo - October 1, 1922.
Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan on the ship "Paris".
Photo (3) - October 1, 1922.
Poet - Sergei Yesenin Photo - 1923.
Poet Ivan Pribludny (1905 - 1939), Poet Sergei Yesenin,
G. Shmerelson, Wolf Izrailevich Erlich (1902 - 1944),
V. Ricciotti,
Semyon Anatolyevich Polotsky - poet and screenwriter (1905 - 1952).
Leningrad, April 1924.
Galina Arturovna Benislavskaya, close friend of Sergei Yesenin,
committed suicide at his grave (1897 - 1926), was buried next to Yesenin.
Galina Benislavskaya
Sergey Yesenin -
letter to Galina Benislavskaya:
"Dear Galya!
forgive me for writing on such paper. No better.
I am very, very sorry that I left without saying goodbye to you.
I left because I was afraid that Petersburg would -
I didn’t stay any further than Crimea. Dear Galya! I love you very much and value you very much.
I value you very much, so don’t understand my departure
like something directed towards friends out of indifference.
Dear Galya! I repeat to you that you are very, very dear to me.
And you yourself know that without your participation
there would be a lot of deplorable things in my fate.
Now I have decided to stay and live in St. Petersburg.
I don’t want to know any Crimea.
Darling, persuade Vardin and Berzina like this,
so that they don’t think that I treated their attention like Rastoplyuev.
Everything was very, very pleasant to me in their concern for me,
but I do not need any treatment at all.
If you have time, come and bring me
a large suitcase or send Pribludny or Rita with it.
Hello to you and my love!
True, it is much better and more,
than I feel for women.
You are so close to me in life without this,
which cannot be expressed.
I look forward to your letter, your arrival and everything else.
Hide the money from Gosizdat under a bushel.
Loving you - Sergei Yesenin.
The evening was amazing. I almost got torn apart.
Suicide note from Galina Benislavskaya:
"December 3, 1926. She committed suicide here,
although I know that after this even more dogs will be blamed on Yesenin...
But both he and I don’t care.
Everything that is most precious to me is in this grave..."
Galina Benislavskaya is buried
at the Vagankovskoye cemetery next to the poet’s grave.
Sergey Yesenin and artist Konstantin Alekseevich Sokolov (1887 - 1963).
Tiflis, 1924.
Sergei Yesenin with his sister Ekaterina. Moscow, Prechistensky Boulevard, 1925.
Sergei Yesenin (right)and Soviet worker Vasily Ivanovich Boldovkin (1903 - ?)
Sergey Yesenin -
the beginning of the letter to Galina Benislavskaya:
“I’m in the hospital. Or rather, I’m resting.
The devil is not as scary as he is painted. Only catarrh of the right lung.
In five days I will come out healthy.
This is the result of the Batumi cold, and then I foolishly took a swim
in mid-April at sea with strong winds.
That's it. The doctors sang in different ways.
Up to transient consumption.
Where did you get the idea, Galya, that I drink?
I only drank three times out of frustration for my health. That's all.
It's a good thing that I have consumption! Whoever you want will feel sad.
Why don't I write? Because there is no time. I’m writing a big thing..."
Sergey Yeseninand his last wife Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya-Yesenina (1900 - 1957).
Photo - 1925.
On March 5, 1925, Sergei Yesenin met
with Leo Tolstoy’s granddaughter Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy, who was five years younger than Yesenin.
At that time, Sofya Tolstaya was in charge of the library of the Writers' Union.
This was another attempt by Yesenin
get rid of personal loneliness, start a calm family.
The marriage was registered on October 18, 1925, Yesenin had just turned 30 years old.
Sophia, according to the recollections of Yesenin’s friends, was very proud,
looked down on everything,
demanded compliance with all etiquette and unquestioning obedience.
This did not coincide with Yesenin’s generosity
and its ease of communication.
It all ended with an unexpected break in the relationship.
Murdered Sergei Yesenin...
hanging from a steam heating pipe.
Funeral of Sergei Yesenin (October 4, 1895 - December 27, 1925)
Lived in this world for 30 years.
Photo - Moscow, December 31, 1925.
ESENIN SERGEY ALEXANDROVICH 1895-1925
Born in the village of Konstantinov, Kuzminsk volost, Ryazan province, into a peasant family. The Yesenins and Titovs (Sergei’s relatives on his mother’s side) belonged to hereditary Konstantinovites. Sergei's father, Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1875-1932); mother - Tatyana Fedorovna Titova (01/25/1877-07/3/1955); Sergei's sisters - Ekaterina and Alexandra. Sergei's grandfather - Nikita Osipovich Yesenin - in his youth was going to become a monk, for which he was nicknamed "monk" in the village. At the age of 28, he married a 16-year-old girl - Agrafena Pankratievna - and his young wife began to be called “nun”. Since then, according to Sergei’s sister, Ekaterina Alexandrovna, the entire generation of Yesenins bore the nicknames “monks” and “nuns.” Nikita Osipovich Yesenin was literate, wrote various kinds of petitions to his fellow villagers, was a village elder for many years, and was highly respected in the village. As a result of the division of property between the brothers, Nikita Osipovich did not receive land and decided to open a small shop on the first floor of his house. At forty, in 1887, he died, leaving his wife and six children. Father of Sergei Yesenin - Alexander Nikitich Yeseni n - was the eldest child. At the age of 11-12, Alexander was sent to study butchery with the merchant Krylov in Moscow, and later he became a clerk in his store. In 1893, eighteen-year-old Alexander Nikitich Yesenin married his fellow villager Tatiana Fedorovna Titova, who was sixteen and a half years old. She had a good voice, a good memory, she knew many songs and ditties. For this she was invited to sing along with the daughters of the owners. From them she learned many good poems and romances. After the wedding, Alexander returned to Moscow, and his wife remained in the house of her mother-in-law, who from the first days disliked her daughter-in-law. The grandmother was the full owner, in whose house many guests constantly lived. For them it was necessary to cook, wash, carry water, clean up after everyone, and almost all the work fell on the shoulders of the young daughter-in-law, who received only sidelong glances from her mother-in-law as a reward. When Sergei was born in 1895, Tatyana Fedorovna’s first surviving child, Alexander Nikitich was not in the village; “They let my father know in Moscow, but he couldn’t come.” As before his marriage, Alexander Nikitich sent his salary to his mother. A quarrel broke out between the young couple - Sergei's mother and father - and they lived separately for several years: Alexander Nikitich in Moscow, Tatyana Fedorovna in Ryazan.
When Sergei was three years old, his mother left the Yesenins. Sergei was taken to live by his second grandfather, Fyodor Andreevich Titov, who had quarreled with the Yesenin family back when his daughter was a bride. According to Sergei’s reviews, his grandfather was “a bright personality and broad-minded, had an excellent memory and knew by heart many folk songs and spiritual poems.” They lived in that part of the village, located on the high bank of the Oka and stretching for several kilometers, which was called Matovo. Fedor Andreevich sent Sergei’s mother to live in Ryazan so that she could try to get a piece of bread for herself and her son. When sending his daughter, Sergei’s grandfather ordered her to send three rubles a month to support his grandson. For five years, Sergei’s parents lived separately, and the boy lived in the house of his grandfather, Fyodor Andreevich, and grandmother, Natalya Evteevna. At the insistence of his grandfather, Sergei began reading at the age of five, learning to read and write from church books. He began writing poetry at the age of 8. In 1904, Sergei’s mother returned to Konstantinovo, and his father still worked in Moscow as a clerk, but came to visit the family several times a year. Sergei again began to live with his mother in the Yesenins’ house
In 1912 he moved to Moscow, where his father worked for a merchant.
“From his first collections (Radunitsa, 1916; Rural Book of Hours, 1918) he appeared as a subtle lyricist, a master of deeply psychologized landscapes, a singer of peasant Rus', an expert in the folk language and the folk soul. In 1919-23 he was a member of the Imagist group. A tragic attitude and mental confusion are expressed in the cycles “Mare’s Ships” (1920), “Moscow Tavern” (1924), and the poem “The Black Man” (1925). In the poem “The Ballad of Twenty-Six” (1924), dedicated to the Baku commissars, the collection “Soviet Rus'” (1925), and the poem “Anna Snegina” (1925), Yesenin sought to comprehend “the commune-raised Russia,” although he continued to feel like a poet of “the passing Rus' ", "golden log hut". Dramatic poem "Pugachev" (1921).
1923 - lived in Moscow, Kozitsky lane
In a state of depression, he committed suicide.”
He was buried in section 17 of the Vagankovsky cemetery, Moscow. Relatives and friends are buried nearby: mother Tatyana Fedorovna 1875-1955, Zinaida Reich, son Konstantin, Galina Arturovna 1897-1926, poet Shiryaevets-Abramov Alexander Vasilyevich 1887-1924, journalist Ustinov Georgy Feofanovich 1888-1932, writer and party leader Petr Ivanovich Chagin 1898 -1967, poet Nikolai Konstantinovich 1887-1930
Wives ZINAIDA NIKOLAEVNA, ISADORA DUNCAN (1877-1927). Children:
- YURI (GEORGE) SERGEEVICH (1914-1937). Son of SA Yesenin and IZRYADNOVA Anna Romanovna. He had no children.
- KONSTANTIN SERGEEVICH 02/03/1920, Moscow
- 04/26/1986, Moscow. He was a famous football statistician. He was buried in section 17 of the Vagankovsky cemetery, Moscow. Daughter MARINA. (Graduated from the Polygraphic Institute. She writes poetry, prose, is published in newspapers and magazines. She looks like Reich, her grandmother. She is still beautiful. She has a son - Dmitry Polyakov - the great-grandson of S. A. Yesenin. At 24 years old he is a doctor Philosophical Sciences, Professor. Handsome, curly, light brown-haired. Tall. Lives and works abroad.)
- TATYANA SERGEEVNA (Died in 1992. Member of the Writers' Union. Lived in Tashkent. Director of the Sergei Yesenin Museum. Two sons: VLADIMIR Kutuzov and SERGEY Yesenin. Vladimir has a son, Ivan, graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute, is now engaged in business. Sergei has daughters: Zinaida and Anna)
- ALEXANDER SERGEEVICH. Son of SA Yesenin and Volpin Nadezhda Davydovna. Mathematician, Candidate of Sciences. As a human rights activist, he was forced to leave the USSR for the USA. He has lived there since 1971. Have no children.
Yesenin's sisters:
*ESENINA EKATERINA ALEXANDROVNA (1905-1977). She died of a heart attack. Husband - Yesenin's friend, poet NASEKIN VASILY Fyodorovich (01/1/1895 - executed 03/15/1938). The marriage took place in December 1925. Son ANDREY 1927-1965 (buried in section 22 of the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow). Daughter - NATALIA, graduated from the Agricultural Academy. K. A. Timiryazev, majoring in agrochemistry and soil science. Completed an internship at Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov at the Department of Analytical Chemistry. She worked as a chemist in a soil expedition on the Northern Dvina, in a geological party in Transbaikalia, and for about 30 years at the GIREDMET Research Institute. PhD in Chemistry. Veteran of labour. Currently disabled of the first group. Have no children
*ESENINA ALEXANDRA ALEXANDROVNA (1911-1981). Husband Peter and son Alexander ILIIN. Daughter FLOR TATIANA PETROVNA 1933-1993, journalist, graduated from the correspondence printing institute. (buried in section 19 of the same cemetery). Son-in-law. They were buried in section 20 of the Vagankovskoye cemetery. 2 daughter - Svetlana Petrovna, graduated from the correspondence pedagogical institute, employee of the State Museum of S. A. Yesenin in Moscow, in B. Strochenovsky Lane. Every year, since 1946, he spends all the summer months in Konstantinov.
